Which model prioritizes fairness and the protection of individual rights against abuse by the state?

• A. Crime Control Model
• B. Due Process Model
• C. Adversarial System
• D. Dossier System

Answer: (B)

Balancing fairness and protecting individual rights against state power is the essence of the due process approach. This model centers on requiring fair procedures and safeguards before the state can deprive a person of liberty, such as presumption of innocence, the right to counsel, the right to a fair and public trial, and lawful searches and warrants. Its focus is on preventing miscarriages of justice and curbing governmental overreach, even if this means procedures take longer or are more rigorous. In contrast, the crime control perspective emphasizes swift repression of crime and efficiency, often accepting narrower rights protection to move cases along quickly. The adversarial system describes a trial method used within many systems and doesn’t alone define a rights-centered philosophy, while the dossier system is not a formal model for balancing individual rights against state power.